The CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) is a prestigious international exchange program launched by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to promote global scientific collaboration and academic exchanges. By fostering long-term partnerships, PIFI makes a significant contribution to advancing scientific innovation and addressing global challenges. PIFI DAY is the flagship event of this initiative; it aims to promote discussions on solutions to cutting-edge challenges and shape future research directions via intensive frontier academic presentations and exchanges in a specific research field.